Metallic carrier system for the refractory lining of fire-boxes in boilers provided with burners of mineral oil



Oct. 10, 1961 P. RIELLO 3,003,440

METALLIC CARRIER SYSTEM FOR THE REFRACTORY LINING OF FIRE-BOXES IN BOILERS PROVIDED WITH BURNERS OF MINERAL OIL Filed March 21, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 10, 1961 P. RIELLO 3,003,440

METALLIC CARRIER SYSTEM FOR THE REFRACTORY LINING OF FIRE-BOXES IN BOILERS PROVIDED WITH BuRNERs OF MINERAL OIL 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 21, 1958 Oct. 10, 1961 RIELLO METALLIC CARRIER SYSTEM FOR THE REFRACTORY LINING 0F FIRE-BOXES IN BOILERS PROVIDED WITH BURNERS OF MINERAL OIL 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed March 21, 1958 3,003,440 METALLIC CARRIER SYSTEM FOR THE REFRAC- TORY LINING OF FIRE-BOXES IN BOILERS PRO- VIDED WITH BURNERS F MINERAL OIL Pilade Riello, Legnago, Italy, assignor to Riello F.lli Ofiicine Fonderie, Legnago, Italy, a company of Italy Filed Mar. 21, 1953, Ser. No. 722,912 Claims priority, application Italy Mar. 23, 1957 1 Claim. (Cl. 110-1) It is a well known fact that the combustion chambers of boilers provided with burners of mineral oil are often lined partly with refractory slabs for the dual purpose of producing an atmosphere at a high temperature around the flame, as required for bringing the combustion to completion, and of protecting the walls of said chambers against the direct action of the flame.

The present invention has for its object to provide an improved metal carrier system for the refractory lining of boiler fire-boxes, chiefly in the case of boilers serving for heating purposes, said arrangement providing the following advantages over conventional arrangements:

Possibility of executing with a small number of parts that are prefabricated in standard sizes thesupport required for a lining adapted for use with any type of firebox. 1

Very easy and cheap execution of said prefabricated parts.

Maximum speed of mounting and easy dismantling.

Minimum requirements as to weight of material and, consequently, extremely reduced thermal inertia.

The system is characterized chiefly by the following points:

Use of hollow parts of sheet material or the like flat structures.

Transverse and longitudinal elements are used, which both include two sections which are interconnected through nailing or the like means, so that it is possible to obtain elements matching the breadth and length of the fire-box.

Connection between the elements of these two types obtained through mere cuts over which said elements engage each other crosswise.

Further features and advantages of the invention will appear in the reading of the following description given by way of example, and by no means in a limiting sense, reference being made to. the accompanying drawings, wherein two modifications, as applied to the lining of the fire-box for a boiler serving for heating purposes are shown. In said drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a transverse element constituted by two sections and connected with a longitudinal element through a fitting between same.

FIG. 2 is a cross-section of a transverse element through the section line 2-2 drawn in FIGS. 1 and 6.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a longitudinal element including two sections.

FIGS. 4 and 5 are respectively a longitudinal sectional view through the plane passing through the line 4-4- of FIG. 5 and a transverse cross-section through the plane passing through the line 5-5 of a complete refractory lining executed in accordance with the invention shown in FIG. 4 and incorporating the elements illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3.

FIG. 6 illustrates in perspective view a modification in the shape of the transverse element shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 illustrates again in perspective view an element adapted to be used merely in association with the transverse element executed in accordance with FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a carrier system for a refractory lining executed in accordance with the invennitcd States Patent C) ICE 2 tion and incorporating elements of the type illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7.

Turning to FIG. 1, the transverse element is constituted by two sections made of sheet metal or the like flat structure, said sections having a substantial L shape and including an upwardly directed flange adapted to carry the slabs protecting the sides of the fire-box; the horizontal flange of said part 1 is provided with a notch 2 adapted to be engaged by the transverse slab and a downwardly directed slot 3 adapted to form with the corresponding upwardly directed slot 11 in the cooperating section of the longitudinal element 10 a fitting ensuring the connection between the transverse and the longitudinal elements.

In registry with said slot 3, the element 1 is provided with a plurality of recesses 4, as shown cross-sectionally in FIG. 2, said recesses being intended for the increase of the local thickness and for a slight reinforcement of the fitting. This feature which is of interest for reduced thicknesses is not actually essential and may be omitted. The section 1 is provided furthermore with an aperture and with a plurality of openings 6 arranged uniformly in two rows above and below the latter. The two sections 1 are connected two by two, in a superimposed relation ship through the agency of the nails 7 or the like means engaging corresponding openings 6 as required by the desired breadth to be obtained, for the slabs between the upstanding flanges of the sections 1. In the case of a narrow fire-box, the shape of the transverse element of the type illustrated in FIG. l. may be modified, as illustrated in FIG. 6. Said figure shows clearly that the modified section 2 is identical with the corresponding section 1 described preceedingly, with the sole difference that its upwardly directed flange has been omitted and that it is provided with a further slot 22 in its upper edge. The purpose served by the vertical or transverse flange in the case of FIG. 1 is served, in the present case, by the section 23 illustrated in FIG. 7. Said section 23, of a substantially rectangular shape, is also of a flat structure and is provided with perforations, with a view to reducing its weight, while ribs are possibly provided on said section 23 for stiffening same, such ribs not being drawn in FIG. 7, so as to make the drawing clearer. The lower edge of the section 28 is provided with two slots 24, the spacing between the axes of which is such that they may, in the mounting, be fitted over the corresponding slots 22 of the section 21 of two adjacent transverse elements.

Turning to FIG. 3, the longitudinal element is constituted by a girder 10 which is cut to the desired length corresponding to the length of the fire-box, said girder being associated with an upstanding section 8'to which is given theparticular shape illustrated, said section being adapted to carry the slabs forming the ends of said firebox. The girder 10 is provided with a series of openings 12, the spacing and the diameter of which are similar to the spacing and the diameter of the openings 9 in the section 8, in a manner such that it is always possible to secure the section 8 to the end of the girder, whatever may be the length of the latter. The securing is obtained through the agency of the nails 19 or the like means. The girder 10 is provided with the above-referred to slots 11 which are adapted to be engaged over corresponding slots in the transverse element of the types illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 6.

The spacing between the slots 11 should be such as will allow each slab 13 to be carried by at least two transverse elements engaging two successive slots, as illustrated in FIG. 4 and it varies consequently in accordance with the standard size of the slabs.

The lining is laid in the following manner.

Firstly, the transverse elements are prepared in accordance with FIG. 1 by nailing together the sections 1 or 21,

3 so as to obtain a total breadth matching the breadth of the fire-box.

This being done, the longitudinal elements are prepared by cutting two girders 10 to a length matching the length of the fire-box, while the sections 8 are secured to the ends of said girders by means of nails or the like members engaging corresponding openings 9, after which the transverse elements according to FIG. 1 are positioned over the two longitudinal elements which are laid in a manner such that the slots 3 in the sections 1 are engaged crosswise over the corresponding slots 11 in the girder 10, the recesses 4 increasing locally the thickness, so as to produce a slight force fit inside said slots 11, which is of interest for holding in position the whole arrangement.

The sizes of the sections and of the corresponding slots should be such as to allow the upper and lower edges of the girder 10 to project beyond the section 1, as illustrated in FIG. 4. The number of transverse elements. depends on the length of the fire-box and on the length of the slabs.

The lining is executed in accordance with refractory slabs of a reduced thickness 13 and 15 engaging the elements 1 so as to form the sides of the lining, While the slabs 14 bearing against the upper edges of the girder 10 form the hearth and the slabs 16 and 17 are carried by the sections 8 of the longitudinal elements, said slabs protecting the bottom of the fire-box and forming a flame deflector.

In the case of boilers having a long and narrow firebox, the incorporation of the sections 21 and 23 replacing the elements 1 appears clearly from inspection of FIG. 8. The slabs 16 and 17 are held in position by two slabs 15 which are given a suitable shape.

As a consequence of the fact that the slabs are efliciently and individually carried throughout their extent and are to expand freely, the risk of their breaking is considerably reduced and in the case of such a breaking occurring this cannot produce a collapse of the whole arrangement and it leads merely to the neceessity of replacing the broken slab without it being necessary to remove the other slabs.

Since it is not necessary to rely on the bearing capacity of the refractory slabs, the latter may be executed with an extremely reduced thickness and it is also possible to use members of a recessed structure which are still lighter. This results in that the thermal inertia of the system including the boiler and the burner provided with a lining according to the present invention is substantially lower than that of similar systems resorting to other types of linings. The bottom of the cinder box, the two girders 10 and the hearth slabs 14 define a chamber adapted to be swept by the tertiary air passing through the opening defined by the apertures in the elements 1 or 21. From said chamber, the tertiary air enters the fire-box through the gaps left in the joints 18 between the .4 hearth slabs 14; said air is prevented from entering directly the chimney by the slab 20 arranged in registry with one of the transverse elements as illustrated in FIG. 4.

In practice, the longitudinal elements of which two are shown in the drawing may be provided in larger numbers when the fire-box has a larger breadth; as a consequence the cooperating elements 1 or 21 carry intermediate slots in desired numbers in addition to the slots 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 and the apertures 5 are provided with solid parts in which said slots are formed. Such modifications required no further description beyond what has been disclosed hereinbefore.

What I claim is:

In a boiler fire box construction, a supporting structure for the refractory lining slabs arranged below the burners of the fire box; said supporting structure including a pair of elongated, longitudinal flat bars arranged in parallel, transversely spaced relation and lying in vertical planes, said bars having upper edge portions terminating in upper edges to support the horizontal slabs of the fire box lining, said bars being formed at their upper edge portions with vertical slots disposed in longitudinally spaced and transversely aligned relation, a plurality of transversely eX- tending connecting means connecting the bars in spaced transverse relation, said connecting means including a pair of cooperative, cross-bars having overlapping inner ends, saidinner ends having transversely aligned openings for receiving a fastening means with the openings being arranged so that the cross bars can be secured together in various lengthwise relations to space the longitudinal bars apart at various selected distances, said cross bars lying in substantially the same vertical plane and having upper and lower edge portions and outer ends, the lower edge portions adjacent the outer ends being formed with vertical slots to fit over the longitudinal bars and receive the portions of said longitudinal bars below the vertical slots in the longitudinal bars with the upper edge portions of the cross bars received by the vertical slots in the longitudinal bars whereby an interfitting locking arrangement is provided, and means on the outer ends of the cross bars for supporting the lateral slabs of the fire box lining, said cross-bars being formed with registrable centrally disposed air passage apertures or the flow of air under the horizontal slabs along the entire length of the fire box and the portions of the cross-bars above and below such apertures being formed with the openings which are arranged in spaced relation along the axes of the cross-bars.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,008,395 Ubbink Nov. 14, 1911 1,024,001 Forsyth Apr. 23, 1912 2,316,519 Labaree Apr. 13, 1943 2,866,628 Suydam Dec. 30, 1958 

